Currently, the primary cushioning packaging materials widely used globally are paper-based and plastic-based. Research on the environmental impact of these materials reveals that their extensive use leads to environmental pollution and resource wastage, with significant energy consumption during the processing stages. Additionally, paper-based cushioning materials have a mature processing technology and relatively stable prices, whereas the cost of plastic cushioning materials fluctuates significantly due to variations in raw materials, crude oil, and additives. With the increasing scarcity of forest and petroleum resources, the prices of paper and plastic raw materials are expected to rise, directly affecting the cost of cushioning packaging. To address this issue, it is imperative to develop new cushioning packaging materials. Asian countries have a natural advantage in terms of agricultural surplus resources. Straw, for example, is inexpensive, low-density, has high modulus and tensile strength, and is biodegradable and recyclable. Existing research also indicates that plant fiber cushioning materials can meet the mechanical performance requirements of cushioning packaging while having a lesser environmental impact compared to other materials. Thus, plant fiber-based cushioning materials have a promising development prospect and broad application space. Currently, research on these materials is still in the early stages, primarily focused on laboratory processing, making large-scale production and use infeasible. Future research on plant fiber-based cushioning materials should focus on the following aspects:
1st:Focus on Foaming Technology: Ensuring that foaming methods do not cause environmental pollution is crucial. Currently, the research predominantly uses chemical foaming techniques, which may introduce pollutants through chemical additives. Therefore, the focus should shift to physical foaming methods (such as steam foaming) that are environmentally friendly.
2nd:Define Preparation Parameters: Most current research involves laboratory processing, where material ratios are determined based on laboratory requirements, differing significantly from industrial-scale production. Therefore, it is essential to intensify efforts in defining specific preparation parameters that align with large-scale manufacturing.
3rd:Enhance Comprehensive Material Performance: Laboratory performance tests mainly assess the intrinsic properties of materials, often overlooking external factors encountered during actual transportation and usage. Consequently, the test results may differ significantly from real-world performance, lacking systematic and comprehensive analysis.
4th：Develop Policies and Standards: Actively research and establish policies, standards, and regulations related to plant fiber-based cushioning materials to ensure their market viability and compliance.
