Paper production primarily relies on plant fibers. In some economically developed countries, the wood used in paper manufacturing exceeds 95%, leading to resource shortages and environmental impact due to deforestation.
The environmental pollution caused by paper-based packaging materials is mainly concentrated in the manufacturing process. Researchers at the University of Toronto in Canada compared the production of 1 ton of equally performing beverage cups made from EPS and paper. The analysis revealed that the environmental pollution and resource consumption of paper products are 2.5 times higher than those of plastic products, with the major pollution occurring during the manufacturing process. The processing involves the use of large amounts of paint, adhesives, defoamers, and chlorine-containing bleaches, which contain substances like phthalates and dioxins that can produce carcinogens harmful to human health. Additionally, burning paper-based packaging waste releases harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide. Waste paper contains ink, which may include lead and other harmful substances that can enter the air as smoke, posing risks to the environment and human health.
Studies have found that landfill disposal is the most environmentally impactful process. Currently, China places significant emphasis on the recycling of paper-based packaging. Through recycling and reuse, environmental pollution and harm can be reduced. Therefore, increasing the reuse of paper-based packaging is undoubtedly an important measure for environmental protection.
